19 Mar 2020

March 19, 2020

Written by REBEL Cast, REBEL Crit
Background: Vasopressors are often used to improve hypotension and perfusion in an effort to decrease mortality of patients with septic shock. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) of >65mmHg has typically been used to guide vasopressor therapy in most patients and higher targets have been recommended for patients with chronic hypertension or coronary artery disease. Results from the Sepsis and Mean Arterial Pressure (SEPSISPAM) [2] and Optimal Vasopressor Titration (OVATION) [3] pilot trials suggested that increased exposure to vasopressors targeting higher MAPs in older patients (≥65mmHg) may be associated with increased risk of death. We now have the 65 trial [1] which is a randomized clinical trial testing the hypothesis that reducing vasopressor exposure through permissive hypotension (Targeting a MAP of 60 – 65mmHg) among patient ≥65 years of age with vasodilatory hypotension versus usual care in the ICU.
Medical Categories: Infectious Disease, Resuscitation
1 Like
11 Mar 2020

March 11, 2020

Written by REBEL Cast, REBEL Core
Vascular Disasters Take Home Points
  1. Consider vascular pathologies in all of your patients with atraumatic limb pain - especially those with typical and atypical risk factors
  2. Early diagnosis is imperative. Time is tissue. Catch this as early as possible. Pain is the earliest symptom. First presents with pain then paresthesia then paralysis
  3. Perform vascular exam on every patient with pain
  4. If concerned for ischemic limb, call the vascular surgeon and get patient to CT for imaging of aorta and affected limb. 
Medical Categories: Cardiovascular
2 Likes
5 Mar 2020

March 5, 2020

Written by REBEL Cast, REBEL Crit
Welcome back to REBEL Cast, I am your host Salim Rezaie.  In this episode we are going to review a recent focused 2019 update to the American Heart Association (AHA) pediatric advanced life support (PALS) guidelines from 2018-19. This 2019 PALS Update addresses 3 concerns:
  1. Pediatric advanced airway management in pediatric cardiac arrest
  2. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resus (ECPR/ECMO) in pediatric cardiac arrest
  3. Pediatric targeted temperature management (TTM) during post-arrest care

Medical Categories: Pediatrics, Resuscitation
3 Likes
26 Feb 2020

February 26, 2020

Written by REBEL Cast, REBEL Core
Take Home Points 
  • No palpable pulse does not equal no perfusion. We aren't great at feeling pulses
  • Patients with moderate to severe signs and symptoms of lithium toxicity should be considered for hemodialysis
  • Always consider serious causes of back pain before simply treating with analgesics
  • Consider trauma as well as other toxic exposures (I.e. CO and CN) in patients with major burns
Medical Categories: Resuscitation, Toxicology
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12 Feb 2020

February 12, 2020

Written by REBEL Cast, REBEL Core
Take-Home Points
  1. Endocarditis can have vague and varied presentations and has high morbidity and mortality. Be on the lookout in patients with risk factors including: 
    1. Congenital heart disease
    2. Cardiac prosthesis or devices
    3. Immunocompromise
    4. IV drug use
    5. Recent invasive procedure
    6. Hx of prior IE
  2. Patients may present with fever, sepsis of unclear source or may have manifestations of emboli to the skin, eyes, brain, lungs, spleen or kidney.
  3. Diagnosis is based on the modified Duke Criteria and workup should include THREE good sets of blood cultures. 
  4. ED management includes consultation with ID and cardiothoracic surgery and starting antibiotics based on whether the patient has a native or prosthetic valve. Basic starting antibiotic regimen includes:
    1. For patients with native valve disease a good starting regimen is:
      1. Vancomycin 25-30 mg/kg IV loading dose followed by 15-20 mg/kg twice daily AND
      2. Cefepime 2 g IV TID
    2. For patients with prosthetic valve disease, we have to go a bit bigger:
      1. Vancomycin 25-30 mg/kg IV loading dose followed by 15-20 mg/kg IV twice daily AND
      2. Rifampin 300 mg PO/IV TID AND
      3. Gentamicin 1 mg/kg IV TID AND
      4. Some recommendations include the Cefepime 2 g IV TID
Medical Categories: Cardiovascular, Infectious Disease
2 Likes
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