Background: Previous observational studies published in 2015 (Geri 2015)(Vyas 2015) indicated that early cardiac catheterization in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) might improve mortality and result in more favorable neurological outcomes. The TOMAHAWK (Desch 2021), COACT (Abella 2019), and ...
Background Information: Obtaining definitive control of the airway, when indicated, is the responsibility of the emergency medicine physician. Traditionally patients were managed on the ventilator with lung volumes of 10 – 15 ml/kg. However, that practice is long-outdated and patients ...
Background information: Alcohol has potentiating effects on the inhibitory GABA neurotransmission system and inhibitory effects on the excitatory glutamate neurotransmission system. Chronic alcohol use causes changes to preserve homeostasis, and when the stimulus is removed, alcohol withdrawal results due to ...
Take Home Points AVNRT is a common tachydysrhythmia that results from a reentrant loop within the AV node. Unstable patients with AVNRT should be considered for immediate synchronized electrical cardioversion. Stable patients with AVNRT can have a trial of vagal ...
Background: Traumatic cardiac arrest in the prehospital setting carries an extremely high mortality rate. Nevertheless, mortality of prehospital traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA), and survivability with good neurologic outcome, remain the gold standards of trauma care in and out of the ...
Background: Acute alcohol intoxication is often identified early in a patient’s visit by behavioral changes accompanied by slurred speech, ataxia, nystagmus, or the smell of alcohol. However, evaluating and managing patients with acute alcohol intoxication in the emergency department can ...
Take Home Points: Assess patients with floaters or flashers for retinal or vitreous detachment. Rapid diagnosis and emergency referral improves outcomes of ophthalmologic interventions. CRAO is a stroke of the eye; patients should be considered for a complete stroke work ...
Background: Historically, we have treated acute coronary syndrome with supplemental oxygen regardless of the patient’s oxygen saturation. This intervention was based on the belief that pushing the patient’s PaO2 to supra therapeutic levels would increase O2 delivery to ischemic myocardium ...
Take Home Points: Suspect glaucoma in any patient with an acute change in vision and get an intraocular pressure measurement First line treatment in acute angle closure glaucoma is a topical beta blocker Consider giant cell arteritis in patients with ...
Take Home Points: Fluorescein is an essential tool in the diagnosis of HSV keratitis Identifying the type of HSV keratitis is crucial, as it will guide treatment Update tetanus vaccination Consult ophthalmology if there is concern for HSV keratitis as ...
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