Archive

Medical Category: Infectious Disease

The Tamiflu Debacle

Background:  Oseltamivir (Tamiflu), a neuraminidase inhibitor, was approved by the FDA in 1999.  The majority of the evidence supporting the use of the medication came from trials funded by Roche, the maker of the drug. Safety issues with the drug …

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Infectious Disease

(Dis)Utility of Procalcitonin in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections (ProACT Trial)

Background: The mis- and overuse of antibiotics continues to be a growing problem in medicine; the results of which are increased health-care costs, increased antibiotic resistance and, ultimately, patient harm. Unnecessary antibiotics are particularly prevalent in the treatment of lower …

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Infectious Disease

Procalcitonin: Useful Test or Useless Pest to Improve Antibiotic Stewardship with Acute Respiratory Infections in the ED?

Background: In patients with an acute respiratory illness (ARI), it is often difficult to determine whether a bacterial infection is the underlying etiology and whether antibiotics are warranted. Excess antibiotic use carries risk of bacterial resistance, medical costs, and adverse drug …

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Infectious Disease

Neutropenic Fever

Neutropenia: An absolute neutrophil count less than 500 cells/mm3 or less than 1000 cells/mm3 with a predicted decline to less than 500 cells/mm3 ANC = WBC x (neutrophil% + band%) Mild: 1000 – 1500 Mod: 500 – 1000 Severe: 100 …

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Infectious Disease

Update in Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Treatment: Macrolide Resistance

Background: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP), defined as lower bronchial tree infection in a patient that has not been hospitalized in the last 90 days is a commonly diagnosed disease. There are between 2-4 million episodes per year in the US with roughly …

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Infectious Disease

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