Take Home Points Methylxanthines are a drug class that includes caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine. The three main mechanisms that account for the clinical presentation of methylxanthine toxicity are: catecholamine release, adenosine antagonism, and phosphodiesterase inhibition. Beta agonism will lead to …
A 45-year-old man is brought in by EMS after being found unconscious by his partner. He is confused and agitated. His vital signs are a BP of 90/60 mm Hg, HR of 120 bpm, RR of 24/min, and T of …
Take Home Points Caustics are substances that injure tissue upon physical contact. Caustic potential is not purely a function of pH. The decision to admit is dependent on the history and physical. Vomiting, drooling, and stridor are concerning. Stridor alone …
Background Information: Opioid overdose deaths have been increasing in the past twenty years. The national number of overdose deaths from any opioid has increased 62.5% from 2019 to 2021 (from 48,000 to 81,400 annual deaths), which includes prescription opioids (natural and …
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