Background Information: Opioid overdose deaths have been increasing in the past twenty years. The national number of overdose deaths from any opioid has increased 62.5% from 2019 to 2021 (from 48,000 to 81,400 annual deaths), which includes prescription opioids (natural and ...
Background: The emergency department is frequently visited by patients suffering from symptomatic alcohol withdrawal, and the traditional management has been dominated by repeated doses of benzodiazepines.1, 2 Phenobarbital has been studied as an alternative or adjunct to benzodiazepines with encouraging ...
Take Home Points Alcoholic Ketoacidosis (AKA) can present with significant acidemia (pH < 7.00). Despite the significant acidemia, patients with AKA can remain alert and lucid despite their severe metabolic derangement. Relying on urine ketones for diagnosis can be misleading, ...
Background information: Alcohol has potentiating effects on the inhibitory GABA neurotransmission system and inhibitory effects on the excitatory glutamate neurotransmission system. Chronic alcohol use causes changes to preserve homeostasis, and when the stimulus is removed, alcohol withdrawal results due to ...
Background: Acute alcohol intoxication is often identified early in a patient’s visit by behavioral changes accompanied by slurred speech, ataxia, nystagmus, or the smell of alcohol. However, evaluating and managing patients with acute alcohol intoxication in the emergency department can ...
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