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Medical Category: Neurology

Minimalist comparison graphic of HAT vs SEDAN for estimating hemorrhage risk after stroke thrombolysis, featuring a grayscale brain, red lightning bolt, and labeled comparison circles.

MDCalc Wars: HAT vs SEDAN — Hemorrhage Risk After Stroke Thrombolysis

The HAT and SEDAN scores help estimate symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage risk after stroke thrombolysis. This comparison reviews what each tool measures, when to use them, and the key limitations clinicians should know.

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Neurology
Minimal icon-style illustration of eyes, mouth, motor, respiration

MDCalc Wars: GCS Alternatives in the ED: SMS and FOUR Score

Need a quick, reliable coma scale in real ED chaos? SMS simplifies assessment, while FOUR adds brainstem and respiratory data when it matters most.

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NeurologyTrauma

The Hope Trial: Alteplase 4.5–24 Hours After Stroke (CT Perfusion Selected)

The cornerstone of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) management involves timely reperfusion of the ischemic brain tissue. Intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase has been the standard of care for AIS within 4.5 hours of symptom onset, based on pivotal trials such as ...

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Neurology

Seizing the Evidence: Should We Consider Ketamine’s Place in Seizure Protocols?

Ketamine was first introduced for human use in 1965 and has been widely utilized as a general anesthetic with an excellent safety profile (Mion 2017, Dorandeu 2013). Ketamine works on several receptors, resulting in various actions such as anesthesia, analgesia, ...

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Neurology

Midazolam vs Ketamine as Second Line in Status Epilepticus

Status epilepticus is traditionally defined as a seizure lasting ≥5 minutes or recurrent seizures without return to baseline in between. It is a neurologic emergency associated with increased morbidity and mortality the longer it persists. Some complications include cardiac arrhythmias, ...

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NeurologyResuscitation

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