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Medical Category: Toxicology

Nitrous oxide toxicity title image showing whippet canisters and a red balloon on a hospital stretcher

REBEL Core Cast—Nitrous Oxide Toxicity: Whippets and Neurologic Injury

Nitrous oxide, commonly known as “whippets,” is often perceived as harmless. However, frequent use can lead to functional vitamin B12 deficiency, subacute combined degeneration, and potentially permanent neurologic dysfunction. This review covers the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of ...

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Toxicology

MDCalc Wars: Alcohol Withdrawal–When CIWA-Ar Breaks Down, mMINDS Score Still Works

CIWA-Ar breaks down when patients can’t participate. mMINDS offers an objective, ICU-ready approach to scoring severe alcohol withdrawal—especially in delirious, intubated, or critically ill patients.

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Toxicology

Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder

Emergency medicine physicians were trailblazers during the opioid epidemic, and now we have the same opportunity with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Treating AUD deserves the same attention we give to opioid overdose, diabetic ketoacidosis, or hypertensive emergencies. Even when alcohol ...

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Toxicology

Screening for Alcohol Use Disorder

Each year, about 1 in 7 men and 1 in 11 women in the United States meet criteria for alcohol use disorder (AUD)—affecting nearly 29 million people, roughly the entire population of Texas. Patients with AUD face staggering health risks: ...

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Toxicology

REBEL Core Cast 134.0 – Acetaminophen Toxicity

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose remains one of the most common causes of acute liver failure in the United States. While its therapeutic use is widespread and generally safe, unintentional overdoses and delayed presentations can lead to devastating outcomes. In this episode ...

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Toxicology
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