Background: Patients presenting with acute exacerbations of congestive heart failure are frequently treated with intravenous loop diuretics. Despite being treated with loop diuretics, the problem is many are discharged from the hospital with residual clinical signs of volume overload despite …
Background: Coronary artery disease can result in hibernating myocardium (chronic myocardial contractile dysfunction) due to ischemia. The theory is that there is reduced coronary blood flow and increased myocardial demand resulting in impaired contractility. Whether reversal of myocardial hibernation by …
Background: Hypoxemia is a commonly encountered adverse event during rapid sequence intubation (RSI) in the ED. Critically ill patients in the ED often have a lack of physiologic reserve, decreased cardiac output, increased shunting, and reduced pulmonary reserves. Therefore, a …
Background: Hypoxemia and hypoperfusion are important factors in outcomes after ROSC. While hypoxemia (SpO2 <90%) is clearly deleterious, it is unclear if hyperoxia is beneficial. Recent studies on patients requiring critical care have demonstrated that hyperoxia is harmful and instead …
Background: The Calcium for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (COCA) trial was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of calcium compared to placebo in OHCA. COCA found no improvement in sustained ROSC but, rather, a trend towards harm for their primary outcome. Additionally, …
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